Microwave pretreatment for soluble phase mesophilic anaerobic digestion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The effect of microwave pretreatment on dewateribility of thickened waste activated sludge (TWAS) was determined by centrifuging it at an RCF of 6513 for 30 min for 6 and 11.85% TS concentrations. Supernatant of pretreated and untreated samples were filtered through 0.45‐μm GF/C grade binder free glass microfiber filters before biological methane potential (BMP) assay. It was found that microwave (MW) temperature had greater impact on removing supernatant from sludge than MW intensity. The highest biogas production was observed with pretreatment at 150°C with low MW intensity which improved biogas production 90% compared to the same volume of supernatant obtained from raw TWAS at 20th day of BMP assay. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 2010
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".