Modeling the Effective Thermal Conductivity of an Anisotropic Gas Diffusion Layer in a Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper the anisotropic effective thermal conductivity of the gas diffusion layer (GDL) of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell is determined using the two- and three-dimensional two-phase conjugate fluid-solid thermal lattice Boltzmann model. Using stochastic reconstructions of the GDL, the effective thermal conductivity is evaluated in the through-plane and in-plane directions. It is shown that the anisotropic structure of the GDL results in an anisotropic thermal conductivity, with a higher value for the in-plane thermal conductivity than the through-plane thermal conductivity. We show that the two-dimensional in-plane simulations provided reasonable estimates of the thermal conductivity at a significantly lower computational cost than the three-dimensional simulations. Adding the third dimension, however, dampens the effect of structure randomness and reduces the variance in the predicted data points. The predicted values of effective through-plane thermal conductivity from two-dimensional simulations are almost one order of magnitude smaller than those predicted from three-dimensional simulations. The fibers are better connected in the three-dimensional reconstructed structures, which create a preferential path for heat transport, and thus a higher effective thermal conductivity. The predicted values of effective thermal conductivity are in good agreement with previously reported values in the literature.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".