Generation of Antibodies against Bovine Recombinant Prion Protein in Various Strains of Mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), also known as prion diseases, belong to a group of neurodegenerative disorders affecting humans and animals. To date, definite diagnosis of prion disease can only be made by analysis of tissue samples for the presence of protease-resistant misfolded prion protein (PrP(Sc)). Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) to the prion protein provide valuable tools for TSE diagnosis, as well as for basic research on these diseases. In this communication, the development of antibodies against recombinant bovine prion protein (brecPrP) in four strains of mice (BALB/c, ND4, SJL, and NZB/NZW F(1)) is described. Immunization of autoimmunity-prone NZB/NZW F(1) and SJL mice with brecPrP was applied to overcome self-tolerance against the prion protein. ND4 and SJL mice did not develop an immune response to brecPrP. BALB/c mice produced antibody titers of 1:1,000 to 1:1,500 in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while NZB/NZW F(1) mice responded with titers of 1:7,000 to 1:11,000. A panel of 71 anti-brecPrP MAbs recognizing continuous and discontinuous epitopes was established from BALB/c and NZB/NZW F(1) mice. Seven anti-brecPrP MAbs reacted with both the cellular form of PrP and protease K-resistant PrP(Sc) from sheep brain in Western blot assays. The epitope specificity of these MAbs was determined, and applicability to immunohistochemical detection of prions was studied. The MAbs generated will be useful tools in the development of TSE immunochemical diagnosis and for research. This is the first report of the development of anti-PrP MAbs by use of autoimmune NZB/NZW F(1) mice as an alternative approach for the generation of PrP-specific MAbs.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".