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Origin of atmospheric aerosols at the Pierre Auger Observatory using studies of air mass trajectories in South America
A. Aab, P. Abreu, M. Aglietta, M. Ahlers, E. J. Ahn, I. F. M. Albuquerque, I. Allekotte, J. Allen, P. Allison, A. Almela, J. Alvarez Castillo, Jaime Álvarez-Muñiz, Rafael Alves Batista, M. Ambrosio, A. Aminaei, Luis A. Anchordoqui, S. Andringa, T. Antičić, C. Aramo, F. Arqueros, H. Asorey, P. Assis, J. Aublin, M. Ave, M. Avenier, G. Ávila, Alina Mihaela Badescu, K. B. Barber, R. Bardenet, J. Bäuml, C. Baus, J. J. Beatty, K. Becker, Jose A. Bellido, S. BenZvi, C. Bérat, X. Bertou, Peter L. Biermann, P. Billoir, F. Blanco, C. Bleve, H. Blümer, Denise Boncioli, C. Bonifazi, R. Bonino, Nataliia Borodai, J. Brack, I. M. Brancus, P. Brogueira, W. C. Brown, P. Buchholz, A. Bueno, Mario Buscemi, K. S. Caballero‐Mora, B. Caccianiga, Lorenzo Caccianiga, M. Candusso, L. Caramete, R. Caruso, A. Castellina, G. Cataldi, Lorenzo Cazon, R. Cester, S. H. Cheng, A. Chiavassa, J. A. Chinellato, J. Chudoba, M. Cilmo, R. W. Clay, G. Cocciolo, Roberta Colalillo, L. Collica, M. R. Coluccia, R. Conceição, F. Contreras, M. J. Cooper, S. Coutu, C. E. Covault, A. Criss, J. Cronin, A. Curutiu, R. Dallier, B. Daniel, S. Dasso, K. Daumiller, B. R. Dawson, R. M. de Almeida, Manlio De Domenico, S. J. de Jong, G. De La Vega, W. J. M. de Mello, I. De Mitri, K. D. de Vries, L. del Peral, O. Deligny, H.-P. Dembinski, N. Dhital, C. Di Giulio, Armando di Matteo, J. Dı́az, M. L. Díaz Castro, Pham Ngoc Diep, F. Diogo, C. Dobrigkeit, W. Docters, Juan Carlos D’Olivo, Pinliang Dong, A. Dorofeev, J. C. dos Anjos, M. T. Dova, Jan Ebr, R. Engel, M. Erdmann, C. O. Escobar, J. Espadanal, A. Etchegoyen, P. Facal San Luis, H. Falcke, Ke Fang, G. Farrar, A. C. Fauth, N. Fazzini, A. P. Ferguson, Brian Fick, J. M. Figueira, A. Filevich, A. Filipčić, N. Foerster, B. D. Fox, C. E. Fracchiolla, E. D. Fraenkel, Octavian Fratu, U. Fröhlich, B. Fuchs, R. Gaïor, R. F. Gamarra, S. Gambetta, B. Garćıa, S. T. Garcia Roca, D. García-Gámez, D. García-Pinto, G. Garilli, A. Gascon Bravo, H. Gemmeke, P. L. Ghia, Marco Giammarchi, M. Giller, J. Gitto, Christian Gläser, H. Glass, M. Gómez Berisso, P. F. Gómez Vitale, P. Gonçalves, J. G. González, B. Gookin, A. Gorgi, P. W. Gorham, P. Gouffon, S. Grebe, N. Griffith, A. F. Grillo, T. D. Grubb, Y. Guardincerri, F. Guarino, G. P. Guedes, P. Hansen, Diego Harari, T. A. Harrison, J. L. Harton, A. Haungs, T. Hebbeker, D. Heck, A. E. Hervé, G. C. Hill, C. Hojvat, N. Hollon, E. Holt, P. Homola, J.R. Hörandel, Pavel Horváth, M. Hrabovský, D. Huber, T. Huege, A. Insolia, Paula Gina Isar, S. Jansen, C. Jarne, M. Josebachuili, K. Kadija, O. Kambeitz, K.‐H. Kampert, P. Karhan, P. A. Kasper, I. Katkov, B. Kégl, B. Keilhauer, A. Keivani, E. Kemp, R. M. Kieckhafer, H.O. Klages, M. Kleifges, J. Kleinfeller, J. Knapp, R. Krause, N. Krohm, O. Krömer, D. Kruppke-Hansen, D. Kuempel, N. Kunka, G. La Rosa, D. LaHurd, L. Latronico, R. Lauer, M. Lauscher, P. Lautridou, S. Le Coz, M. S. A. B. Leão, D. Lebrun, P. Lebrun, M. A. Leigui de Oliveira, A. Letessier‐Selvon, Isabelle Lhenry-Yvon, K. Link, R. López, A. López Agüera, K. Louedec, J. J. Lozano Bahilo, L. Lu, A. Lucero, M. Ludwig, H. Lyberis, M. C. Maccarone, M. Malacari, S. Maldera, J. Maller, Dušan Mandát, P. Mantsch, A. G. Mariazzi, V. Marin, Ioana Codrina Mariş, H. R. Marquez Falcon, G. Marsella, D. Martello, L. Martin, O. Martı́nez, D. Martraire, J. J. Masías Meza, Hermann-Josef Mathes, J. Matthews, J. A. J. Matthews, G. Matthiae, D. Maurel, D. Maurizio, Eric William Mayotte, P. O. Mazur, C. Medina, Gustavo Medina‐Tanco, M. Melissas, D. Melo, E. Menichetti, A. Menshikov, S. Messina, R. Meyhandan, S. Mičanović, María Isabel Micheletti, L. Middendorf, I. A. Minaya, L. Miramonti, B. Mitrica, L. Molina Bueno, Silvia Mollerach, M. Monasor, D. Monnier Ragaigne, F. Montanet, B. Morales, C. Morello, J. C. Moreno, M. Mostafá, C. A. Moura, Markus Müller, G. Müller, R. Mussa, G. Navarra, J. L. La Rosa Navarro, S. Navas, P. Necesal, L. Nellen, A. Nelles, J. Neuser, P. T. Nhung, Marcus Niechciol, L. Niemietz, T. Niggemann, D. Nitz, Dalibor Nosek, L. Nožka, J. Oehlschläger, A. Olinto, María J. Ortiz, N. Pacheco, D. Pakk Selmi-Dei, M. Palatka, J. Pallotta, N. Palmieri, G. Parente, A. Parra, S. Pastor, T. Paul, M. Pech, Jan Pękala, Rodrigo Pelayo, I. M. Pepe, Lorenzo Perrone, R. Pesce, E. Petermann, S. Petrera, A. Petrolini, Y. Petrov, R. Piegaia, T. Pierog, P. Pieroni, M. Pimenta, V. Pirronello, M. Platino, M. Plum, M. Pontz, Alessio Porcelli, Titi Preda, P. Privitera, M. Prouza, E. J. Quel, S. Querchfeld, S. Quinn, J. Rautenberg, O. Ravel, D. Ravignani, B. Revenu, J. Řídký, S. Riggi, Markus Risse, P. Ristori, H. Rivera, V. Rizi, J. Roberts, W. Rodrigues de Carvalho, I. Rodríguez Cabo, Gonzalo Rodriguez Fernandez, J. Rodrı́guez Martino, Juan Rojo, M. D. Rodríguez-Friás, G. Ros, J. Rosado, T. Rößler, M. Roth, B. Rouillé-d’Orfeuil, Esteban Roulet, Adrián Rovero, C. Rühle, S. J. Saffi, A. Sǎftoiu, F. Salamida, H. Salazar, F. Salesa Greus, G. Salina, F. Sánchez, P. Sánchez-Lucas, M. Esṕırito Santo, Edivaldo Moura Santos, F. Sarazin, B. Sarkar, R. Sarmento, Ricardo Sato, N. Scharf, Viviana Scherini, H. Schieler, P. Schiffer, A. Schmidt, O. Schölten, Harm Schoorlemmer, Petr Schovánek, Frank Schröder, A. Schulz, J. Schulz, Sergio J Sciutto, M. Scuderi, A. Segreto, M. Settimo, A. Shadkam, R.C. Shellard, I. Sidelnik, G. Sigl, O. Sima, A. Śmiałkowski, Radomir Šmída, G. R. Snow, P. Sommers, J. Sorokin, H. Spinka, R. Squartini, Y. N. Srivastava, S. Stanič, J. Stapleton, Jarosław Stasielak, M. Stephan, M. Straub, A. Stutz, F. Suárez, T. Suomijärvi, A. D. Supanitsky, T. Šuša, M. S. Sutherland, J. Swain, Zbigniew Szadkowski, M. Szuba, A. Tapia, M. Tartare, O. Taşcău, Nguyễn Thị Phương Thảo, Javier Tiffenberg, C. Timmermans, W. Tkaczyk, Carlos J. Todero Peixoto, G. Toma, L. Tomankova, B. Tomé, A. Tonachini, G. Torralba Elipe, D. Torres Machado, P. Trávnı́ček, D. B. Tridapalli, E. Trovato, Matias Jorge Tueros, R. Ulrich, M. Unger, Jose F. Valdés Galicia, I. Valiño, L. Valore, G. van Aar, A. M. van den Berg, S. van Velzen, A. van Vliet, Enrique Varela, B. Vargas Cárdenas, G. Varner, J. R. Vázquez, R. A. Vázquez, Darko Veberič, V. Verzi, J. Vícha, M. Videla, L. Villaseñor, H. Wahlberg, P. Wahrlich, O. Wainberg, D. Walz, A. A. Watson, M. Weber, K. Weidenhaupt, A. Weindl, Felix Werner, S. Westerhoff, B. J. Whelan, A. Widom, G. Wieczorek, L. Wiencke, B. Wilczyńska, H. Wilczyński, Martin Will, Christopher B. Williams, T. Winchen, B. Wundheiler, S. Wykes, T. Yamamoto, T. Yapici, P. Younk, G. Yuan, Alexey Yushkov, B. Zamorano, E. Zas, D. Zavrtanik, M. Zavrtanik, I. Zaw, A. Zepeda, Jing Zhou, Yan Zhu, M. Zimbres Silva, M. Ziolkowski, Gabriele Curci
Bibliographic record
VenueAtmospheric Research · 2014
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldPhysics and Astronomy
TopicAstrophysics and Cosmic Phenomena
Canadian institutionsnot available
FundersAustralian Research CouncilInstitut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des ParticulesScience and Technology Facilities CouncilOffice of Environmental ManagementUnitatea Executiva pentru Finantarea Invatamantului Superior, a Cercetarii, Dezvoltarii si InovariiFinanciadora de Estudos e ProjetosCentre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueFundação Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de JaneiroConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e TecnológicoMinistero dell’Istruzione, dell’Università e della RicercaNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekIstituto Nazionale di Fisica NucleareFederación Española de Enfermedades RarasBundesministerium für Bildung und ForschungStichting voor Fundamenteel Onderzoek der MaterieDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftLeverhulme TrustComisión Nacional de Energía Atómica, Gobierno de ArgentinaToronto Arts CouncilJavna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RSStrongConsejo Nacional de Ciencia y TecnologíaMetLife FoundationNational Ataxia FoundationTechnology Agency of the Czech RepublicComunidad de MadridGrainger FoundationNational Foundation for Science and Technology DevelopmentFundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São PauloFundação para a Ciência e a TecnologiaUnited Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural OrganizationXunta de GaliciaMarathonNational Multiple Sclerosis Society Michigan ChapterMinisterio de Ciencia e InnovaciónEuropean CommissionU.S. Department of EnergyMinisterie van Onderwijs, Cultuur en WetenschapUnited Engineering FoundationNational Science Foundation
KeywordsPierre Auger ObservatoryAir mass (solar energy)AerosolObservatoryAtmospheric sciencesAngstrom exponentPhysicsAtmosphere (unit)Environmental scienceHYSPLITAir pollutionMeteorologyAstrophysicsChemistry
Abstract
No abstract in any covered source. Its absence is recorded, not treated as a negative.
No abstract. This is not a gap in this database; OpenAlex has none either. 23.3% of the frame is in this state, and the screen finds HALF as much metaresearch here, so the absence is a measured bias rather than a missing field.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
metaresearch head score (Codex)0.000
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.001
Version: metacan-v3-hybrid-931329e0061cValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Observational · Consensus signal: Observational
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: Empirical
Teacher disagreement score0.279
Threshold uncertainty score0.554
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
Opus teacher head0.067
GPT teacher head0.337
Teacher spread0.270 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
The models applied no category: nothing in the taxonomy fit this work.
Study designObservational
Domainnot available
GenreEmpirical
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".
Quick stats
Citations9
Published2014
Admission routes1
Has abstractno