Large Lump Detection Using a Particle Filter of Hybrid State Variable
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a particle filter based solution to the problem of detecting large frozen lumps in an image sequence, taken of the feed to a crusher, which is used for size reduction of oilsand ore. In this application, the objects of interest, i.e., large frozen lumps, are characterized by a high level of image noise, irregular shapes, and uneven and variable surface texture. In addition, more than one large lump can be present in the scene. Our proposed solution integrates evidence of the presence of large lumps over time, by adapting an existing Bayesian framework for joint object detection and tracking. To implement the particle filter, we formulate an application-specific observation model that is required by the Bayesian tracker. Our experimental results show that the proposed solution is capable of detecting multiple large lumps reliably, and that it has the potential of preventing the oilsand crusher from being jammed and leading to improved productivity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".