Bibliographic record
Abstract
AIMS: To compare physiological and autonomic responses to acute hypoglycaemia in diabetic children in pre-, mid-, and post-pubertal stages of development. METHODS: Twenty seven children (8 pre-pubertal, 7 mid-pubertal, 12 post-pubertal) with type 1 diabetes were studied. Hypoglycaemia was induced by insulin infusion until an autonomic reaction (R) was identified. Counterregulatory hormone levels were measured at baseline, R, R+15, and R+30 minutes. Haemodynamic changes and sweat production were measured. RESULTS: The mean blood glucose level at R was lower in pre-pubertal than mid-pubertal children (2.0 v 2.5 mmol/l), and was positively correlated with HbA1c. Glucagon and noradrenaline responses to hypoglycaemia were minimal in all children. A brisk increase in pancreatic polypeptide (PP) concentration only occurred in post-pubertal children. Only two children showed a sweating response to hypoglycaemia. CONCLUSIONS: The blood glucose level at which sympatho-adrenal responses to hypoglycaemia were activated was associated with glycaemic control, and varied with pubertal stage. As in adults, the glucagon response to hypoglycaemia was deficient within a few years of developing diabetes. However, sweating and secretion of PP in response to hypoglycaemia did not occur until after puberty, indicating some qualitative differences from adults.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".