Interpopulation variation in early growth of threespine sticklebacks (<i>Gasterosteus aculeatus</i>) under laboratory conditions
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Logistical difficulties associated with accurately measuring juvenile stages have contributed to a lack of detailed information on population-level variation in the early growth of fish. In this study, we used computerised image analysis to determine the trajectories of early growth, from hatching to 126 days posthatch, of replicated, laboratory-bred, full-sibling groups of threespine stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) from five resident freshwater populations. Sibling groups were held under controlled "common garden" conditions and fed ad libitum, to excess, and standard lengths (SL) of all individuals in each sibling group were recorded at regular intervals over four separate time periods (06, 638, 3870, and 70126 days). Although there was no significant population-level variation in SL at hatching, we detected significant population-level differences in growth trajectory after 38 days and population differences in mean SL of up to 6.8 mm (16.6%) by 126 days. Our results suggest that population-level variation in the intrinsic growth rates of juvenile sticklebacks has a strong genetic component.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".