Molecular phylogeny of the North American <i>Simulium malyschevi</i> ‐group species (Diptera: Simuliidae)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We investigated species limits and phylogenetic relationships among chromosomally distinct North American members of the Simulium malyschevi species‐group. Maximum parsimony and Bayesian analyses were conducted based on 12S , COII , cyt b and ITS‐1 gene sequences. In terms of species limits, monophyly was highly supported for each chromosomally and morphologically distinct taxon analysed ( S. decimatum , S. defoliarti , S. malyschevi , and S. murmanum ). In contrast, support for monophyly of morphologically homogeneous S. arcticum complex members was significant only in one case ( S. saxosum ) and not the other ( S. negativum ). Considering the overall topology, three principal conclusions were drawn: (i) the status of S. subvariegatum as a member of the S. malyschevi species‐group remains uncertain. This species either was excluded from the malyschevi ‐group or formed a sister group with S. malyschevi at the base of the tree; (ii) although S. murmanum and S. decimatum branch after S. malyschevi , the position of the two species relative to each other remains unresolved; and (iii) the structurally homogeneous S. arcticum species complex was not monophyletic due to the inclusion of S. defoliarti . Further investigation may warrant changes to current malyschevi ‐group classification. Molecular datasets alone may be insufficient for resolving relationships among particular lineages of black flies.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".