Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rationality is explicit in the United States Supreme Court's Dusky standard but not in most U.S. CST standards. It is hard to imagine that the legal purposes of competency to stand trial (CST) determinations are served if a defendant's understanding of the proceedings is irrational (e.g., delusional or psychotically confused) or if the defendant cannot consult rationally with counsel. Most insanity tests include a rationality criterion. In United States v. Timmins, the Ninth Circuit emphasized the importance of rationality in CST in an opinion that also illustrated that the district court applied the federal standard, which does not mention rationality, without considering rationality. With its recent decision in Panetti v. Quarterman, the United States Supreme Court now requires rational understanding for competence to be executed. If there had been any doubt that unqualified understanding is not invariably taken to mean rational understanding by trial and appellate courts, the legal history of Panetti now dispels this misapprehension. The time is ripe for recognition of a uniform standard of CST that requires rationality.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.018 | 0.052 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.004 | 0.019 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.006 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.005 |
| Research integrity | 0.011 | 0.010 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.007 | 0.004 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".