Effects of Friction on Three-Dimensional Contact Stresses in Pin-Loaded Laminated Composites
Bibliographic record
Abstract
An investigation is performed to study the effects of friction on the three-dimensional (3D) stress state around pin-loaded holes in laminated composites. The composite pinned joints are modeled as a linear elastic contact problem with friction; therefore, the interactions between the pin with the laminate follow the law of Coulomb friction. An analytical solution for the 3D stress state involved in this problem is developed based upon the variational principle of complementary energy. Compared to the previous research based on a two-dimensional stress assumption, the present solution is innovative, since the out-of-plane effects (i.e., edge effects) near the pin-loaded holes are considered. The present formulations are restricted to the laminated composites with bi-directional fiber orientations, because all the traction and displacement boundary conditions can be satisfied in such type of laminates. Numerical results for pin-loaded cross-ply laminates with different coefficients of friction are presented. It is shown that the effects of friction on the magnitude and distribution of the 3D stress state around pin-loaded holes in laminated composites are significant.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".