Evaluating toxic endpoints of exposure to a commercial PCB mixture: an <em>in vivo</em> laboratory study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants that produce a wide range of toxic effects. To determine sensitive endpoints in various organ systems, the effects of Aroclor 1260 on immune, endocrine, and hepatic systems were evaluated in a dose-response study. Nine-week old male rats were treated with Aroclor 1260 by oral gavage at dosages ranging from 0.025 to 156 mg/kg/day for 10 consecutive days and killed two days after the last treatment. Eight days prior to sacrifice, rats were injected i.v. with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) for determination of humoral immunity. No observable adverse effect level (NOAEL) and lowest observable adverse effect level (LOAEL) were determined for liver, thymus and genital organ weights, body weight, serum luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, thyroxine and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) concentrations, hepatic microsomal testosterone hydroxylase activities, and hepatic microsomal cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1A1, CYP1A2, CYP2B1 and CYP2B2 protein levels. Treatment with Aroclor 1260, at all dosages, had no effect on testis, seminal vesicle or ventral prostate weights, on thymus weight or on serum LH or testosterone levels. Among the endpoints altered by Aroclor 1260, the most sensitive, with a LOAEL of 1.25 mg/kg/day, were increased testosterone 16β-hydroxylase activity and androstenedione formation. The LOAEL for increased liver weight, testosterone 16α-hydroxylase activity and CYP2B1 protein content was 3.13 mg/kg/day, while the LOAEL for decreased serum thyroxine levels and anti-SRBC IgM titer was 6.25 mg/kg/day. Less sensitive responses, as reflected by larger LOAEL values, included CYP1A enzyme induction and decreased body weight. In summary, comparison of NOAEL and LOAEL values indicated that hepatic CYP2B-mediated activities were a more sensitive response to Aroclor 1260 exposure in male rats than immune or endocrine endpoints.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".