THE STELLAR AND GASEOUS CONTENTS OF THE ORION DWARF GALAXY
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We present new Kitt Peak National Observatory 0.9 m optical and Very Large Array H i spectral line observations of the Orion dwarf galaxy. This nearby ( D ≃ 5.4 Mpc), intermediate-mass ( M dyn ≃ 1.1 × 10 10 M ☉ ) dwarf displays a wealth of structure in its neutral interstellar medium, including three prominent "hole/depression" features in the inner H i disk. We explore the rich gas kinematics, where solid-body rotation dominates and the rotation curve is flat out to the observed edge of the H i disk (∼6.8 kpc). The Orion dwarf contains a substantial fraction of dark matter throughout its disk: comparing the 4.7 × 10 8 M ☉ of detected neutral gas with estimates of the stellar mass from optical and near-infrared imaging (3.7 × 10 8 M ☉ ) implies a mass-to-light ratio ≃13. New Hα observations show only modest-strength current star formation (SF; ∼0.04 M ☉ yr −1 ); this SF rate is consistent with our 1.4 GHz radio continuum non-detection.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".