The Timed Up and Go Test Is an Early Predictor of Functional Outcome After Hemiarthroplasty for Femoral Neck Fracture
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The ability to predict the long-term physical function and prognosis of hip fracture patients during the early postoperative period is essential for surgeons and physical therapists as well as for patients and their families. The purpose of this study was to determine whether early functional assessment correlated with and/or predicted long-term function after surgery to treat a displaced femoral neck fracture. METHODS: Sixty-two patients undergoing hemiarthroplasty for a displaced femoral neck fracture were evaluated prospectively; a minimum follow-up of two years was required. Validated functional assessments, including the Lower Extremity Measure and the Timed Up and Go test, were utilized, and scores were analyzed with respect to patient baseline data. RESULTS: The functional level of patients decreased significantly after the injury, with the mean Lower Extremity Measure score decreasing from 87.7 to 62.4 and the need for a walking aid increasing from 36% to 54% at two years postoperatively (p < 0.05 for both). The Timed Up and Go test scores at four days and three weeks postoperatively were significantly higher in patients who needed a walking aid at two years compared with independently walking patients (p < 0.05). Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the Timed Up and Go test scores revealed that the optimal threshold for predicting the need for a walking aid at two years was fifty-eight seconds at four days postoperatively and twenty-six seconds at three weeks. Also, the need for a walking aid at two years was ninetyfold higher when the Timed Up and Go test score at three weeks postoperatively exceeded the twenty-six seconds threshold. CONCLUSIONS: The Timed Up and Go test was an early clinical indicator of future physical function in patients with a hip fracture treated with hemiarthroplasty. Innovative clinical approaches to anticipate future function will contribute to increasing the efficiency of overall management of this growing set of patients.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".