The RAVE survey: constraining the local Galactic escape speed
Why is this work in the frame?
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Full frame distilled prediction
Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
- Candidate categories
- none
- Consensus categories
- none
- Domain
- Candidate signal: noneConsensus signal: none
- Study design
- Candidate signal: ObservationalConsensus signal: Observational
- Genre
- Candidate signal: EmpiricalConsensus signal: Empirical
- Teacher disagreement score
- 0.087
- Threshold uncertainty score
- 0.678
- Validation status
machine_predicted_unvalidated·codex-gemma-dda1882f352a
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
- Teacher spread
- 0.201 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
- Validation status
score_only:v0-immature-baseline· verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it
Abstract
We report new constraints on the local escape speed of our Galaxy. Our analysis is based on a sample of high-velocity stars from the RAVE survey and two previously published data sets. We use cosmological simulations of disc galaxy formation to motivate our assumptions on the shape of the velocity distribution, allowing for a significantly more precise measurement of the escape velocity compared to previous studies. We find that the escape velocity lies within the range 498 < vesc < 608 km s−1 (90 per cent confidence), with a median likelihood of 544 km s−1. The fact that v2esc is significantly greater than 2v2circ (where vcirc= 220 km s−1 is the local circular velocity) implies that there must be a significant amount of mass exterior to the solar circle, that is, this convincingly demonstrates the presence of a dark halo in the Galaxy. We use our constraints on vesc to determine the mass of the Milky Way halo for three halo profiles. For example, an adiabatically contracted NFW halo model results in a virial mass of 1.42+1.14−0.54× 1012 M⊙ and virial radius of (90 per cent confidence). For this model the circular velocity at the virial radius is 142+31−21 km s−1. Although our halo masses are model dependent, we find that they are in good agreement with each other.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
The record
- Venue
- Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
- Topic
- Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena
- Field
- Physics and Astronomy
- Canadian institutions
- University of Victoria
- Funders
- Javna Agencija za Raziskovalno Dejavnost RSNederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk OnderzoekDeutsche ForschungsgemeinschaftScience and Technology Facilities CouncilNatural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of CanadaJohns Hopkins UniversitySchweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen ForschungIstituto Nazionale di AstrofisicaNational Science Foundation
- Keywords
- PhysicsHaloMilky WayVirial massAstrophysicsGalaxyGalactic haloVirial theoremRADIUSDark matterDark matter haloAstronomyGalaxy formation and evolutionLocal Group
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes