Hydroxycinnamic acid amide metabolism: physiology and biochemistry
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hydroxycinnamic acid amides (HCAAs) are a widely distributed group of plant secondary metabolites purported to function in several growth and developmental processes including floral induction, flower formation, sexual differentiation, tuberization, cell division, and cytomorphogenesis. Although most of these putative physiological roles for HCAAs remain controversial, the biosynthesis of amides and their subsequent polymerization in the plant cell wall are generally accepted as integral components of plant defense responses to pathogen challenge and wounding. Tyramine-derived HCAAs are commonly associated with the cell wall of tissues near pathogen-infected or wound healing regions. Moreover, feruloyltyramine and feruloyloctapamine are covalent cell wall constituents of both natural and wound periderms of potato (Solanum tuberosum) tubers, and are putative components of the aromatic domain of suberin. The deposition of HCAAs is thought to create a barrier against pathogens by reducing cell wall digestibility. HCAAs are formed by the condensation of hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA thioesters with phenylethylamines such as tyramine, or polyamines such as putrescine. The ultimate step in tyramine-derived HCAA biosynthesis is catalyzed by hydro xycinnamoyl-CoA:tyramine N-(hydroxycinnamoyl)transferase (THT; E.C. 2.3.1.110). The enzyme has been isolated and purified from a variety of plants, and the corresponding cDNAs cloned from potato, tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum), and pepper (Capsicum annuum). THT exhibits homology with mammalian spermidine-spermine acetyl transferases and putative N-acetyltransferases from microorganisms. In this review, recent advances in our understanding of the physiology and biochemistry of HCAA biosynthesis in plants are discussed.Key words: hydroxycinnamic acid amides, hydroxycinnamoyl-CoA thioesters, metabolic engineering, phenylethylamines, plant cell wall, polyamines, secondary metabolism, tyramine.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it