Heartwood extractives in larch and effects on X-ray densitometry
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The genus Larix is exceptional for its high content of extractives in the heartwood, with the dominating component arabinogalactan found abundantly in cell lumens of tracheids. On samples prepared from 100 European larch (Larix decidua Mill.) and hybrid larch (L. decidua × Larix kaempferi (Lamb.) Carr.) trees, extractive contents and wood density were measured using X-ray densitometry. A strong relationship between the amount of hot water extractives and the loss of density owing to the extraction process was found. Prior to extraction, increasing extractive content went hand-in-hand with higher wood density. At the heartwoodsapwood boundary, the density level dropped. After acetone and hot water extraction, the drop was no longer visible. Without proper consideration of the extractives in larch growth sites, comparisons in wood quality studies looking at wood density differences may become faulty, breeding studies could lead to incorrect selection strategies, and tree-ring studies may not deliver the expected climatic signals. Hence, hot water extractions should take place prior to radiation exposure.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".