Early Discharge of Patients With Venous Thromboembolism: Implications Regarding Therapy
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation is to show trends in the duration of hospitalization of patients with pulmonary embolism (PE) and deep venous thrombosis (DVT). The number of patients discharged from short-stay non-Federal hospitals throughout the United States with a primary diagnostic code for PE or DVT from 1979 through 2005 was obtained from the National Hospital Discharge Survey. By 2005, 13% of patients with PE were discharged in 1 to 2 days, 30% in 3 to 4 days, 26% in 5 to 6 days, and 31% in > or =7 days. Regarding DVT, by 2005, 26% of patients with DVT were discharged in 1 to 2 days, 34% were discharged in 3 to 4 days, 20% were discharged in 5 to 6 days, and 19% were discharged in > or =7 days. The data indicate that large proportions of patients with a primary diagnosis of PE and of DVT are being discharged before adequate heparin can be administered and before warfarin can become antithrombotic. Others have reported an increased mortality among patients with PE discharged in < or =4 days. If patients are to be discharged before adequate heparin can be administered, outpatient treatment with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) for at least 5 days and until the international normalized ratio (INR) is > or =2.0 for 24 hours is recommended or extended outpatient treatment with LMWH may be considered.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".