CAG Repeat Polymorphism in the Androgen Receptor Gene in Women with Rheumatoid Arthritis
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is the most common chronic, autoimmune, inflammatory disease, with a genetic and hormonal background. The prevalence of women among patients with RA suggests the important role of sex hormones in the pathogenesis of RA. We examined the association between CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor (AR) gene and susceptibility to RA and its clinical features in white women. METHODS: The study groups consisted of 325 female patients with RA and 238 female controls. CAG repeat polymorphism was determined using polymerase chain reaction and subsequent fragment analysis by capillary electrophoresis. RESULTS: The number of CAG repeats in patients did not differ from that of controls (22.1 ± 2.9 vs 21.9 ± 2.9, respectively; p = 0.26), but the presence of articular erosions was associated with a lower number of repeats in the shorter allele of patients with RA (20.4 ± 2.2 vs 21.2 ± 2.4; p = 0.031). When alleles with < 22 CAG were classified as short (S) and those with ≥ 22 CAG as long (L), the age at diagnosis of RA was lower in women with S-S genotype in comparison to combined S-L + L-L genotypes (43.0 ± 14.6 yrs vs 47.6 ± 12.5 yrs; p = 0.021). In patients with the L-L genotype, the frequency of erosive disease (OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.25-0.80, p = 0.0085) and extraarticular manifestations (OR 0.50, 95% CI 0.26-0.98, p = 0.047) was lower in comparison to carriers of the S allele. In multivariate analysis, the L-L genotype was an independent factor associated with a lower risk of erosions (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.22-0.90, p = 0.024). CONCLUSION: The results suggest the association of short AR (CAG)(n) alleles with earlier onset and a more aggressive course of RA.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it