Load balancing for multicast traffic in SDN using real-time link cost modification
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this paper we propose an approach for applying traffic load balancing to multicast traffic through real-time link cost modification in a software defined network (SDN) controller. We present an SDN controller architecture supporting traffic monitoring, group management, and multicast traffic routing. An implemented prototype is described, and this prototype is used to implement shortest path multicast routing techniques which make use of the real-time state of traffic flows in the network. This prototype is evaluated through experimentation in Mininet emulated wide area networks. Evaluation is presented in terms of resulting network performance metrics focusing on the distribution of traffic flows. Our results demonstrate that real-time modification of links costs produces statistically significant improvements in traffic distribution metrics, with an average improvement of up to 52.8% in traffic concentration relative to shortest-path routing. This indicates that SDN enables the use of real-time modification of link cost functions as an effective technique for implementing traffic load balancing for multicast traffic.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it