Sign Inversion of the Spontaneous Polarization in a “de Vries”‐Type Ferroelectric Liquid Crystal
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In contrast to common ferroelectric smectic C* liquid crystals, the siloxane-terminated smectic mesogen E6 is characterized by an unusual temperature variation of the spontaneous polarization. The polarization starts to grow from nearly zero despite the first-order SmA*-SmC* transition, and increases faster than linearly over a large temperature interval while the tilt angle rapidly saturates. To study this behavior in more detail, binary mixtures of different concentrations of E6 in the achiral SmC material C8Cl, which has a similar chemical structure, were investigated. Surprisingly, all mixtures show a temperature dependent polarization sign inversion, which shifts towards the SmC*-SmA* transition with increasing E6 concentration. For the pure E6 the inversion temperature meets the SmA*-SmC* phase transition temperature. In a second binary mixture with E6 and a conventional material C9-2PhP we found out, that the dependence of the inversion temperature on the concentration of E6 changes qualitatively when the nanosegregation is partially destroyed. A molecular theory of the polarization sign inversion in smectics C* with strong polar intermolecular interactions is developed which enables one to explain the concentration dependence of the inversion temperature in both mixtures.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".