<i>Ab initio</i>Calculations of the Linear and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Amino Acids
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A number of proteins can assemble into chiral structures that display strong nonlinear optical activity. For instance, proteins such as myosin and collagen exhibit intense second harmonic generation (SHG). A large number of experimental studies on the SHG of proteins have been conducted; however few predictive models have been proposed that reliably relate the macroscopic SHG properties to the amino acids present in the peptidic chain. In this study, the linear polarizability (α), first (β) and second hyperpolarizability (γ) of all twenty amino acids was investigated by time-dependent Hartree-Fock calculations under physiological conditions. Ab initio calculations were performed using the GAMESSUS computational chemistry package. We have found that the aromatic amino acids give rise to the largest mean α, β and γ values. With this finding, we hope to apply this method to protein structures in order to understand how second harmonic signal is generated from individual amino acids, as well as, recognize how manipulation of the secondary structure of proteins might enhance SHG and third harmonic generation (THG).
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it