Pediatric Rhabdomyosarcoma of the Head and Neck
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To review and evaluate the place of surgical treatment in the management of rhabdomyosarcoma of the head and neck in children. DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of patient charts from January 1, 1972, to December 31, 1998. SETTING: Tertiary pediatric referral center. PATIENTS: Twenty-nine consecutive children with nonorbital head and neck rhabdomyosarcoma. INTERVENTIONS: Surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Disease-free survival and long-term morbidity from treatment. RESULTS: Twenty patients had parameningeal and 9 had nonparameningeal head and neck tumors. All were treated with chemotherapy. For 18 patients, diagnostic biopsies were performed and they received radiotherapy. Eleven patients underwent surgery as definitive therapy. Using the Intergroup Rhabdomyosarcoma Study (IRS) staging system, 5 of these 11 patients had complete resection of tumor (IRS group I) and avoided radiotherapy. The other 6 patients required radiation because of compromised, regional, or incomplete resection of tumor. One had undergone regional resection with nodal involvement, and 2 had compromised resections with microscopic residual disease (IRS group II). Three had incomplete resections with gross residual tumor (IRS group III). Only 1 patient who underwent surgery ultimately died from recurrence at 2.7 years after an incomplete resection. The other 10 patients were relapse free at a median follow-up of 3.7 years (range 0.8-21.0 years). Long-term surgical morbidity was seen in 36% (4/11) of the patients and included facial nerve paralysis, trismus, and cosmetic deformity. CONCLUSIONS: Children with localized disease of the head and neck are able to undergo complete surgical resection, with low long-term surgical morbidity. By undergoing complete surgical resection, these children are able to avoid radiotherapy and its long-term complications, with no compromise in survival.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".