ESR analysis of the oxidation reactions of phosphorus-containing nitrone-type spin traps with gold(III) ion
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Phosphorus-containing cyclic nitrones, such as DEPMPO, CYPMPO, and DPPMPO, were oxidized by hydrogen tetrachloroaurate(III) to DEPMPOX, CYPMPOX, and DPPMPOX with the precipitation of Au(0). The reaction was depressed by the addition of chloride or hydroxide ions. The peculiar pH dependency was observed in DEPMPOX, CYPMPOX, and DPPMPOX formation, which should be caused by the diethoxyphosphoryl group in DEPMPO, the 1,3-propoxy cyclophosphoryl group in CYPMPO, and the diphenylphosphinoyl group in DPPMPO. The oxidation of the nitrones proceeded through the ligand exchange of Cl – in AuCl 4 – with >N + –O – in nitrone and the nucleophilic addition of the water molecule to the C-2 position in the nitrones, the stepwise intra-molecular transfer of three electrons from the nitrones to Au(III), and the release of the resulting Au(0). The phosphoryl group in the nitrones suppressed the first ligand-exchange interaction by its electronegativity, while the group promoted the electron transfer from the nitrones to Au(III) by its inductive effect.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".