ASCORBIC ACID OF SEEDS AND PROTEINS OF LEAVES AS BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS FOR RESISTANCE OF FLAX TO POWDERY MILDEW DISEASE
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
A field trial was conducted in 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 growing seasons at Giza Agricultural Research Station to evaluate powdery mildew (PM) severity on 15 flax cultivars. In general, the tested cultivars could be divided into six distinct groups, i.e., highly susceptible (Corland and C.I. 2008), susceptible (Sofie and Marylin), moderately susceptible (Giza 8, Sakha 1, Giza 7, and Marshall), moderately resistant (Cass and Clay), resistant (Koto, Dakota, Wilden, and Bombay), and highly resistant (Ottawa 770B). The cultivars showed considerable variation in PM severity ranged from 8.05 on Ottawa 770 B to 97.02% on Cortland. Total free amino acids, total soluble proteins, total phenols, antioxidant enzymes (peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase), ascorbic acid, tocopherol, and malondialdehyde (MDA), as indicator of lipid peroxidation, were determined in uninfected seeds and in uninfected leaves of the tested cultivars. Pearson’s correlation coefficient was calculated to measure the degree of association between PM severity and each component in linseeds or in leaves. All components, except free amino acids in linseeds and MDA in leaves, showed significant (P<0.05) or highly significant (P<0.01) negative correlation with PM severity. Free amino acids in linseeds were not correlated with PM severity, while MDA in leaves was positively correlated (P<0.01). Data for PM severity and level or activity of each component were entered into a computerized stepwise multiple regression analysis. Using the predictors supplied by stepwise regression, two one-factor models were constructed to predict PM severity. These models showed that PM severity differences were due largely to ascorbic acid of seeds and proteins of leaves, which accounted for 58.46 and 77.15%, respectively of the total variation in PM severity. The results of the present study suggest that ascorbic acid in uninfected seeds or total proteins in uninfected leaves can be used as biochemical markers to predict PM resistance in flax.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it