On the dynamics of the secondary eyewall genesis in Hurricane Wilma (2005)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Weather Research and Forecast model is used to simulate the secondary eyewall genesis (SEG) and evolution in Hurricane Wilma (2005). The structure and time evolution of the secondary eyewall are well captured. The theory of empirical normal modes is then applied to study the SEG. For azimuthal wavenumber 1 anomalies, the wave activity spectra indicate that the leading modes (1 and 2), are vortex Rossby waves (VRWs). The Eliassen‐Palm (EP) theorem is used to diagnose the impact of the propagating waves on the formation of the secondary eyewall. Analysis of the EP flux and its time‐mean divergence show that in the lower troposphere the VRWs propagate outward outside the primary eyewall. The fact that the critical radius of the leading modes is located close to the region where the secondary eyewall eventually develops suggests that VRWs play an important role in SEG.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".