Ibuprofen for the treatment of patent ductus arteriosus in preterm and/or low birth weight infants
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Indomethacin is used as standard therapy to close a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) but is associated with reduced blood flow to several organs. Ibuprofen, another cyclo-oxygenase inhibitor, may be as effective as indomethacin with fewer side effects. OBJECTIVES: To determine the effectiveness and safety of ibuprofen compared to placebo or no intervention for closing a PDA in preterm and/or low birth weight infants. To determine the effectiveness and safety of ibuprofen compared to other cyclo-oxygenase inhibitors for closing a PDA in preterm and/or low birth weight infants. SEARCH STRATEGY: MEDLINE, EMBASE, The Cochrane Library, the reference lists of identified studies, meta-analyses and personal files were searched in December 2009. SELECTION CRITERIA: Randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials of ibuprofen for the treatment of a PDA in newborn infants. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Data collection and analysis conformed to the methods of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group. MAIN RESULTS: Twenty studies are included in this review (6 studies added in this update). One study (n = 136) compared ibuprofen to placebo. Ibuprofen reduced the composite outcome of infant deaths, infants who dropped out or required rescue treatment [RR 0.58 (95% CI 0.38, 0.89); RD -0.22 (95% CI -0.38, -06); NNTB 5 (95% CI 3,17)]. Failure rates for PDA closure with ibuprofen compared to indomethacin was reported in 19 studies (n = 956 infants). There was no statistically significant difference between the groups [typical RR 0.94 (95% CI 0.76, 1.17)]; typical RD -0.02 (95% CI -0.07, 0.04); I(2) = 0%]. The risk of developing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) was reduced for ibuprofen [15 studies (n = 865); typical RR 0.68 (95% CI 0.47, 0.99); typical RD -0.04 (95% CI -0.08, -0.00; (p = 0.04); NNTB 25 (95% CI 13, infinity); I(2) = 0%]. There is less evidence of transient renal insufficiency in infants who receive ibuprofen compared to indomethacin. No other important differences were noted for common neonatal morbidities. Oro-gastric administration of ibuprofen appears as effective as i.v. administration. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Ibuprofen is effective in closing a PDA. Ibuprofen is as effective as indomethacin in closing a PDA and reduces the risk of NEC and transient renal insufficiency. Given the reduction in NEC noted in this update, ibuprofen currently appears to be the drug of choice. Studies are needed to evaluate the effect of ibuprofen compared to indomethacin treatment on longer term outcomes in infants with PDA.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it