Vertical soil moisture dynamics in the vadose zone: A high-resolution GPR reflection study
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper presents a multi-year field study in which high-frequency 900 MHz reflection traveltime measurements were used to monitor vertical soil moisture distribution in the upper 3.0 m of vadose zone. GPR reflection profiles and common-midpoint (CMP) soundings were collected over the complete annual cycle of soil conditions characterized by numerous wetting, drying and freezing cycles typical of mid-latitude climates. The presence of four distinct stratigraphic reflection events at well-defined depths permitted quantitative assessment of seasonal moisture processes and their temporal dynamics during the study period. The incorporation of direct ground wave measurements from coincidently collected CMP soundings yielded improved resolution at the air-soil interface which facilitated characterization of the hydraulic coupling between shallow and deeper moisture conditions.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it