Generating Test Signals for Noise-Based NPR/ACPR Type Tests in Production
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In this article, a low-cost, high-frequency signal generation procedure suitable for Noise Power Ratio (NPR) and Adjacent Channel Power Ratio (ACPR) test is presented. The proposed technique can be implemented with any ATE equipped with a memory block and digital source in conjunction with a high frequency and high attenuation analog filter; hence, a costly external source is not required. The technique consists of digitally encoding the noise signal having the specified power spectrum using pulse-density modulation and recovering the analog stimulus with an analog filter operating in the desired spectrum. The technique is validated by simulation and experimental results. In simulation, both NPR and ACPR stimulus were realized with a 100 dB specification. For NPR test stimulus generation, a notch depth of 60 dB with respect to the noise pedestal was experimentally achieved. The sensitivity of the proposed methodology to jitter is also investigated.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".