Selective Pressure has not Acted Against Hypercoagulability Alleles in High‐Altitude Amerindians
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Elevated hematocrit increases blood oxygen carrying capacity in high-altitude populations, but blood viscosity and coaguability may increase concomitantly. Alleles of the beta-fibrinogen gene (FGB) associated with lower fibrinogen levels are more common in highland Amerindians (Quechua) than lowland Amerindians (Na-Dene). Although genetic drift could account for this, selection may have acted against transmission of hypercoagulability alleles at high altitude. To test this hypothesis, we compared allele frequencies between Quechua and more closely related lowlanders (Maya) at loci in the genes encoding beta-fibrinogen (FGB), factors V (F5), VII (F7) and XIII (F13), alpha2-integrin (ITGA2) and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 (PAI-1; SERPINE1). No significant differences in allele frequencies were found except 485arg in the gene encoding factor V, which was more common in the Quechua. These data do not support the hypothesis that selection has acted to eliminate alleles associated with hypercoagulability in Andean highlanders.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".