Cognitive Impairment, No Dementia: Concepts and Issues
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This article reviews the concept of mild cognitive impairment in groups of people whose cognitive impairment does not warrant a diagnosis of dementia (cognitive impairment, no dementia; CIND). Problems with the application of existing sets of criteria to the Canadian Study of Health and Aging (CSHA) data sets are addressed and a procedure for identifying a subgroup presumed "at risk" for developing dementia is presented. Application of an informant's report of changes in cognitive functioning and neuropsychologists' ratings of mild to severe deficits in any of eight cognitive domains results in approximately half of the CIND cases being identified as "at risk." The rationale for the collection of specific information related to CIND in CSHA-2 is provided. A minority of people identified with CIND at CSHA-2 showed only memory impairment, and most demonstrated cognitive loss over the preceding five-year interval. This article provides a conceptual basis for procedures to identify people with cognitive impairment most likely to decline to dementia.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".