Immortalized mouse articular cartilage cell lines retain chondrocyte phenotype and respond to both anabolic factor BMP‐2 and pro‐inflammatory factor IL‐1
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Articular cartilage chondrocytes help in the maintenance of tissue homeostasis and function of the articular joint. Study of primary chondrocytes in culture provides information closely related to in vivo functions of these cells. Limitations in the primary culture of chondrocytes have lead to the development of cells lines that serve as good surrogate models for the study of chondrocyte biology. In this study, we report the establishment and characterization of chondrocyte cell lines, MM-Sv/HP and MM-Sv/HP-2 from mouse articular cartilage. Cells were isolated from mouse femoral head articular cartilage, immortalized and maintained in culture through numerous passages. The morphology of the cells was from fibroblastic to polygonal in nature. Gene expression studies using quantitative PCR (Q-PCR) were performed on cells in monolayer culture and cells embedded in a three-dimensional alginate matrix. Stimulation of cells in monolayer culture with anabolic factor, BMP-2, resulted in increased gene expression of the extracellular matrix molecules, aggrecan and type II collagen and their regulator transcription factor, Sox9. Treatment by pro-inflammatory IL-1 resulted in increased gene expression of catabolic effectors including Aggrecanases (ADAMTS4, ADAMTS5), MMP-13 and nitric oxide synthase (Nos2). Cells in alginate treated with BMP-2 resulted in increased synthesis of proteoglycan which was released into the conditioned media on IL-1 stimulation. Western analysis of conditioned media showed the presence of Aggrecanase-cleaved aggrecan fragments. In summary, MM-Sv/HP and MM-Sv/HP-2 show preservation of important characteristics of articular chondrocytes as examined under multiple culture conditions and would provide a useful reagent in the study of chondrocyte biology.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".