Panicum L. subg. Panicum sect. Rudgeana (Hitchc.) Zuloaga, P. subg. Panicum sect. Urvilleana (Hitchc. & Chase) Pilger e espécies de P. subg. Panicum sem seção definida (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Paniceae) no Brasil
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Panicum L. subg. Panicum includes around 100 predominantly tropical species. Of these species, approximately 50 are American, which occur from Canada to Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil. In Brazil, this subgenus is represented by 30 species. Three of these species (P. complanatum Guglieri, Longhi-Wagner & Zuloaga, P. mystasipum Zuloaga & Morrone e P. olyroides Kunth) have not been placed in a defined section and the remaining species are included in sections Dichotomiflora (Hitchc. & Chase) Honda, Panicum, Rudgeana (Hitchc.) Zuloaga, Urvilleana (Hitchc. & Chase) Pilger, and Virgata Hitchc. & Chase ex Pilg. The aim of this paper is to provide means for the identification of the Brazilian species of Panicum sect. Rudgeana, P. sect. Urvilleana, and the unplaced species of P. subg. Panicum, which will contribute to the knowledge of the Brazilian flora and provide data for other areas of research. We performed a literature review, analyzed specimens in national and foreign herbaria, collected and observed plants in the field, as well as studied the surface of the second anthecium using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Panicum sect. Rudgeana includes five neotropical species, all occuring in Brazil, in cerrado and campo rupestre. Panicum sect. Urvilleana includes three neotropical species, of which only one occurs in Brazil on coastal dunes. Panicum complanatum and P. mystasipum are restricted to the midwestern and southeastern regions of Brazil, respectively, while P. olyroides spreads to “campo” regions of southern Brazil. Keys to the species of both sections are given, as well as morphological descriptions, illustrations, and scanning electron images of the upper anthecium surface.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.005 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.005 | 0.003 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.003 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.005 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.004 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; both teacher heads agree on what is shown here.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".