Bibliographic record
Abstract
Research Article| October 01, 2009 Gold in Solution Anthony E. Williams-Jones; Anthony E. Williams-Jones 1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University 3450 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2A7, Canada Corresponding author: Anthony.Williams-Jones@mcgill.ca Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Robert J. Bowell; Robert J. Bowell 2SRK Consulting, Churchill House, Churchill Way Cardiff CF10 2HH, Wales, UK Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Artashes A. Migdisov Artashes A. Migdisov 1Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University 3450 University Street, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 2A7, Canada Corresponding author: Anthony.Williams-Jones@mcgill.ca Search for other works by this author on: GSW Google Scholar Elements (2009) 5 (5): 281–287. https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.5.5.281 Article history first online: 09 Mar 2017 Cite View This Citation Add to Citation Manager Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Search Site Citation Anthony E. Williams-Jones, Robert J. Bowell, Artashes A. Migdisov; Gold in Solution. Elements 2009;; 5 (5): 281–287. doi: https://doi.org/10.2113/gselements.5.5.281 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Refmanager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentBy SocietyElements Search Advanced Search Abstract Although gold is a noble metal and is effectively insoluble even in strong acids, we have known for nearly 500 years that it can be concentrated to mineable levels by being transported as dissolved species in crustal fluids (indeed, most economic gold deposits owe their origin to this mode of transport). From alchemy and later experimental chemistry and geochemistry, we have developed an understanding of the solubility and speciation of gold in aqueous liquids and other crustal fluids. This knowledge informs us about the processes that promote the transport of gold in the Earth's crust, result in exploitable gold deposits and lead to the remobilization of gold in the surficial environment. You do not have access to this content, please speak to your institutional administrator if you feel you should have access.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.006 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.012 | 0.010 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.007 |
| Research integrity | 0.004 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.225 | 0.090 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".