Wind-Induced Internal Pressures in Houses
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The effects of ten different opening configurations on the internal pressures in a typical two-story North American house were examined using volume-scaled, wind tunnel experiments. The configurations examined include the effects of (1) dominant opening locations and sizes; (2) wall leakage; (3) compartmentalization of the attic space from the living space; and (4) roof and soffit vents. Helmholtz resonance was observed to significantly amplify the internal pressures for open area ratios greater than 3% and full-scale volumes of approximately 700m3. The ASCE 7-05 was found to significantly underestimate the peak internal pressure coefficients for all configurations with dominant openings, regardless of whether there was significant Helmholtz resonance or not. Peak external roof pressures were observed to be highly correlated in time with the internal pressures. It is shown that sealing the attic space from the main (living) space of the house has a significant benefit in not allowing the internal pressure to act on the underside of roof sheathing. However, for just 0.4% open area between the two spaces, peak pressures of 80% of the peak in the living space are transmitted into the attic.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".