Feasibility of Strategy Instruction in Teaching Listening Comprehension for High-Proficiency and Low-Proficiency Iranian EFL Learners
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The present study investigates how effective it is to teach listening comprehension strategies for High-Proficiency and Low-Proficiency Iranian EFL Learners. Two intact classes were selected randomly from a private language institute in Iran. An advanced-level class (n= 33) was chosen as the High-Proficiency group, and a Lower-intermediate class (n=32) was selected as the Low-Proficiency group. Before the start of the semester, both classes were pretested. During the intervention time, the strategies-based approach was adopted by the researcher while teaching the listening comprehension section of the regular curriculum in both classes. At the end of the term, both classes were post-tested. The t-test observed for the difference in the paired means of the scores obtained from the pretests and post-tests turned out to be insignificant for the Lower-intermediate class, while in the paired means comparison of the advanced class the results were revealed as significant.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.002 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".