The biogeographic distribution of Cavinula (Bacillariophyceae) in North America with the descriptions of two new species
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Cavinula Mann & Stickle is small genus presently comprising 25 taxa distinguished by the linear to round-elliptical valve shape, uniseriate striae, presence of nodules and distinctive terminal pores. Most often the species from the genus have been reported from colder northern or alpine oligotrophic aquatic systems, or moist sub-aerial habitats. Observation of samples from different localities reveals fourteen Cavinula taxa are distributed across North America. Descriptions of confirmed species including designated types are provided with regard to their taxonomy, autecology, and distribution in Canada and USA. Light and Scanning Electron Microscope observations of different samples and type material reveal high morphological variation within some of the taxa. Two and three morphotypes are recognized within C. cocconeiformis and C. pseudoscutiformis. Cavinula kernii and C. maculata are recognized as new species and formal description and differential diagnosis are presented. The biogeography of the genus Cavinula in North America is represented by three groups of species. The first group comprises taxa with more restricted distribution in oligotrophic, cold and/or alpine environments from the Arctic Archipelago and the Rocky Mountains in western North America. The second group comprises more tolerant species with broader distributions across a wider range of ecological conditions. The third group from south-eastern North America, represented by C. maculata, is found in low pH and specific conductance conditions with low nutrients. Globally, forty-one percent of the known taxa are present in North America. This number is subject to change after a better understanding of the different morphotypes and global taxa distributions.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it