Ionic mechanisms and Ca<sup>2+</sup>handling in airway smooth muscle
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Asthma is a disease characterised by reversible contraction of airway smooth muscle. Many signalling pathways are now known to underlie that contraction, almost all of which revolve around Ca(2+) handling. Ca(2+) homeostasis in turn is governed by a wide variety of ionic mechanisms, which are still poorly understood. The present review will briefly summarise those mechanisms that have been recognised for decades, but will then devote considerable attention to several novel ionic signalling mechanisms such as capacitative Ca(2+) entry, the reverse mode of the Na(+)/Ca(2+) exchanger, the role of Cl(-) channels in the release of internal Ca(2+) and that of ryanodine receptors in the refilling of the sarcoplasmic reticulum, as well as the regulation of the monomeric G-protein Rho by ionic mechanisms. Lastly, evidence will be provided that Ca(2+)-dependent contraction may be driven by spatial and temporal heterogeneities in the intracellular Ca(2+) concentration (i.e. Ca(2+) waves/oscillations) rather than by an increase in the global steady state intracellular Ca(2+) concentration.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.003 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".