Microhaematuria as a diagnostic marker of <i>Schistosoma haematobium</i> in an outpatient clinical setting: results from a cross-sectional study in rural Ghana
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
The utility of microhaematuria (as measured by urine reagent strips) as a surrogate marker for Schistosoma haematobium infection is not established in patients with urogenital symptoms presenting to clinical settings, although previous studies have demonstrated its utility in screening asymptomatic individuals in large community or school-based settings. In this cross-sectional study of 201 patients, multivariate analysis demonstrated microhaematuria as an independent predictor of S. haematobium infection (OR, 4.29; 95% CI, 1.6-11.9) in individuals presenting with urogenital symptoms to an outpatient medical department (OPD) at a rural Ghanaian medical center. Microhaematuria is predictive of S. haematobium infections in clinical settings in endemic regions.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it