Analysis of wind-driven resuspension of metal mine sludge in a tailings pond
Why this work is in the frame
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Shallow water covers, typically less than 2 m deep, are commonly used to store tailings and minimize environmental degradation. Studies have, however, shown that wind induced waves can erode and resuspend tailings in areas where the water cover is much shallower than 1 m, possibly leading to oxidation of sulphide minerals, acid generation, and release of heavy metals. The present work investigated erosion and resuspension of co-disposed, cohesive mill tailings and lime neutralization sludge in a tailings pond located at the Heath Steele mine site, near Miramichi, New Brunswick, Canada. From measured wind data and published equations, suspended sediment concentrations were modeled for various water cover depths and compared to measured total suspended solids (TSS) values and the federal effluent discharge guideline of 25 mg L –1 . The computed suspended sediment concentrations agreed with those measured at the effluent discharge point. The results show that winds blowing in the direction of the major axis of the pond contributed most to resuspension and elevated TSS. Key words: cohesive mine tailings and sludge, critical shear stress, wind-induced resuspension, effluent water quality.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it