PAPR Reduction in OFDM Using Wavelet Packet Pre-Processing
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
This paper introduces a novel peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) reduction method in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems by deploying wavelet packet pre-processing of the quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) symbols. Specifically, joint inverse discrete wavelet packet and Fourier transformations (IDWPT and IDFT) of QAM symbols are calculated at the transmitter with the purpose of minimizing the PAPR of the OFDM frame to be transmitted. The wavelet packet tree representing a reversible IDWPT chosen at the transmitter is communicated to the receiver as side information, where the output of the DFT block is passed through the DWPT to recover the QAM symbols. As the DWPT is a orthonormal transformation, the proposed method preserves the average transmitted energy while maintaining the integrity of the transmitted information. With a small level of redundancy for side information, the proposed scheme achieves 5.5 dB reduction in PAPR over the traditional OFDM system as measured using the complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF) of the OFDM signals at the clipping probability of 10 <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">-4</sup> .
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it