Effect of Channel Estimation Errors on $M$-QAM With MRC and EGC in Nakagami Fading Channels
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
<para xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> We study the effect of imperfect channel estimation (ICE) on the error probability performance of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$M$</tex></formula>-level quadrature amplitude modulation ( <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$M$</tex></formula>-QAM) with maximal-ratio combining and equal-gain combining diversity formats in Nakagami fading channels. We provide a novel formulation of the bit-error rate (BER) of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$M$</tex></formula>-QAM with ICE in terms of the signal constellation-dependent effective signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) or amplitudes, which allows us to derive the general, accurate, and easy-to-evaluate BER formulas for square and rectangular diversity <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$M$</tex> </formula>-QAM with channel estimation errors. Our result shows that the performance loss caused by ICE may be manifested by the signal decision space distortion and a scaling of the effective SNR. Using our analytical result, we evaluate the performance of <formula formulatype="inline"><tex>$M$</tex></formula>-QAM with pilot-symbol assisted modulation and present some insightful findings. </para>
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| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
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