Immobilization of native and poly(ethylene glycol)‐treated (‘PEGylated’) bovine serum amine oxidase into a biocompatible hydrogel
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Native bovine serum amine oxidase (BSAO) and poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-treated ('PEGylated') BSAO were immobilized into a hydrogel during its synthesis. The hydrogel was obtained by cross-linking of BSA with PEG di-nitrophenyl carbonates with a molecular mass of 10 kDa. Approx. 60% of the amino groups at the surface of BSAO were modified by monomethoxy-PEG with a molecular mass of 5 kDa when the reaction was carried out for 5 h in borate buffer, pH 9. The number of anchorage points of BSAO in the matrix, which was determined as minimal when PEGylated BSAO was used or maximal when native BSAO was used, did not influence the apparent K(m) and V(max) values of the different preparations. The apparent K(m) values of both forms of the enzyme were decreased due to preconcentration of benzylamine substrate by the negatively charged hydrogel. V(max) values were generally lower upon immobilization. We can therefore conclude that the hydrogel swelling has no significant effect on the enzyme's structure. The operational stability, evaluated in the presence of substrate, was generally increased upon enzyme immobilization into the hydrogel. Enzymic hydrogels were very stable during storage in solution at 4 degrees C, maintaining a high activity even after several weeks. The immobilization of both forms of BSAO did not improve their thermostability at 65 degrees C. The BSA-PEG hydrogel is a good matrix for immobilization of enzymes with therapeutic potential such as BSAO.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".