Heat shock treatment suppresses angiotensin II-induced activation of NF-κB pathway and heart inflammation: a role for IKK depletion by heat shock?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Heat shock (HS) proteins (Hsps) function in tissue protection through their chaperone activity and by interacting with cell signaling pathways to suppress apoptosis. Here, we investigated the effect of HS treatment on the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB signaling pathway in the angiotensin II (ANG II) model of inflammation. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into sham and HS-, ANG II-, and HS + ANG II-treated groups. HS treatment was administered 24 h before the initiation of ANG II infusion. HS treatment (42 degrees C for 15 min) decreased 7-day ANG II-induced hypertension from 191 +/- 4 to 147 +/- 3 mmHg (P < 0.01). Histological staining of hearts showed that HS treatment reduced ANG II-induced leukocyte infiltration, perivascular and interstitial inflammation, and fibrosis. Heart NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and activity, examined by Western blot analysis and electrophoretic mobility shift assay, was suppressed by HS treatment. HS treatment depleted IkappaB kinase-alpha (IKK-alpha) and phosphorylated IKK-alpha and suppressed the depletion of IkappaB-alpha and the accumulation of phosphorylated IkappaB-alpha. HS treatment blocked ANG II induced expression of IL-6 and ICAM-1 in the heart. ANG II and HS treatment induced high-level expression of Hsp27 and Hsp70 and their phosphorylation. Phosphorylated isoforms of Hsp27 and Hsp70 may play an important role in protecting the heart against ANG II-induced inflammation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".