Normal and aberrant tissue distribution of <i>Loma salmonae</i> (Microspora) within rainbow trout, <i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i> (Walbaum), following experimental infection at water temperatures within and outside of the xenoma‐expression temperature boundaries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Temperatures above 20 °C or below 9 °C interrupt the life cycle of the gill intracellular microsporidian parasite Loma salmonae (Microspora) prior to sporogony, inhibiting the production of xenomas. This study intended to characterize this life‐cycle failure. Juvenile rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), were experimentally infected with L. salmonae spores, and the effect of water temperature on the progress of infection, as determined by polymerase chain reaction, was compared for fish held at water temperatures of 5, 15 and 21 °C. At 15 °C, parasite DNA was first detected in the heart (3 days post‐exposure [PE]), and then in the gills and spleen (2 weeks PE). Branchial xenomas developed by week 4 PE. In contrast, at 5 °C, the arrival of the parasite in the heart was delayed until 7 days PE. However, even though parasite DNA was detected in the gills at 7 days PE, xenomas failed to form in the gill, and by week 4 PE, parasite DNA was no longer detected. In fish held at 21 °C, parasite DNA was detected in the heart, gills and spleen by 3 days post‐infection, and similar results were observed at 7 days PE. Xenomas also failed to form in these fish and parasite DNA was no longer detected by week 2 PE. Within the range of temperatures tested in this study, spore germination and delivery of their DNA into the host through the intestinal wall was not blocked by temperature. At 5 or 21 °C, migration to the heart and gills occurred, but at aberrant periods of time. The normal life cycle of L. salmonae may depend on the completion of relatively lengthy, but yet unknown, stages of development within the heart, prior to reaching the gill. This development may be adversely affected by temperature, and explain the temperature limits of this parasite.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".