The McAbee flora of British Columbia and its relation to the Early-Middle Eocene Okanagan Highlands flora of the Pacific Northwest
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Megafossils and pollen data are used to compare the flora found at the McAbee site, located near the town of Cache Creek, British Columbia, to six other well-collected Eocene lacustrine floras of Washington and western British Columbia. A diverse flora is found at McAbee consisting of at least 87 taxa. Gymnosperms are common, including sixteen separate species, 14 conifers and two ginkgos. A minimum of 67 angiosperm genera are represented in the flora, many yet to be described. The dominant dicotyledonous elements of the leaf assemblage at McAbee include Fagus (also represented by nuts and cupules) with Ulmus and representatives of the Betulaceae, especially Betula and Alnus. The confirmation of Fagus, also rarely found from sites at Princeton, British Columbia, and Republic, Washington, provides the oldest well-documented occurrence of the genus, predating the Early Oligocene records of Fagus previously reported for North America, Asia, and Europe. Data provided by pollen analysis broadens our knowledge of the McAbee flora. Angiosperm pollen typically predominates over gymnosperms with the Ulmoideae and Betulaceae being the most common angiosperm pollen types. Members of the Pinaceae dominate the gymnosperm pollen record. Paleoclimatic estimates for McAbee are slightly cooler than for the Republic and Princeton localities and thermophilic elements, such as Sabal found at Princeton or Ensete and Zamiaceae found at Republic are not known from McAbee.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".