Callus Culture of Arceuthobium americanum Nutt. ex Englem. and Explant Response to Varying Auxin and Cytokinin Concentrations
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The lodgepole pine dwarf mistletoe Arceuthobium americanum is a severe pest in coniferous forests of western North America. To facilitate laboratory studies of this obligate parasite, a modified White’s medium was used for in vitro culture; the concentrations of IAA and Kn were varied to determine optimal IAA/Kn ratios. It was found that explant health was related to the concentration of IAA (p = 0.008), but not Kn (p = 0.937), and that explants were healthiest at an IAA/Kn ratio of 0.1. Radicular apices were generated at IAA/Kn ratios of 1.0 or greater, but no shoot organogenesis was observed. These data suggest that A. americanum is more sensitive to auxins than cytokinins. Parasites of plants are known to secrete high levels of cytokinins, which stimulate the host to shuttle nutrients to the infected area, and so we suspect that A. americanum has reduced cytokinin sensitivity. Key words: Callus culture, Arceuthobium americanum, Explant, Response, Cytokinin, Insensitivity D.O.I. 10.3329/ptcb.v21i1.9557 Plant Tissue Cult. & Biotech. 21(1): 1-10, 2011 (June)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".