Theoretical Modelling of Hierarchically Associated Structures in Hydrophobically Modified PNIPAM Aqueous Solutions on the Basis of a Neutron Scattering Study
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract We developed a theoretical model for a self‐assembling telechelic poly( N ‐isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) carrying octadecyl end‐groups in aqueous solution, as a function of temperature and concentration, on the basis of small‐angle neutron scattering data. In solutions of concentration 10 g L −1 at temperatures between 10 and 20 °C, the telechelic PNIPAM of molecular weight of 22,200 g mol −1 associates in the form of flower micelles containing about 12 polymer chains. Micelles have a 3‐layered core‐shell morphology with an inner core consisting of the octadecyl units, a dense inner shell consisting of partly collapsed PNIPAM chains, and an outer shell of swollen hydrated PNIPAM chains. Drastic changes in the scattering profile of the solution heated above 31 °C are attributed to the formation of mesoglobules of diameter of 100 nm consisting of about 1000 polymer chains. In solutions of lower concentration (1 g L −1 ), association of flower micelles and mesoglobules is suppressed. The structure of the individual flower micelles and mesoglobules is not affected by changes in concentration. In solutions of 50 g L −1 , a peak attributed to a correlation between flower micelles appears in the scattering profiles at low temperature (10 °C). Despite the difference in the population of intermicellar bridges, the overall temperature dependence of the scattering profile at 50 g L −1 remains similar to that at 10 g L −1 .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".