Characterization of carrier-envelope phase-sensitive photocurrent injection in a semiconductor
Bibliographic record
Abstract
We characterize the manner in which the carrier-envelope phase of ultrashort pulses can control quantum interference of injected photocurrents in low-temperature-grown gallium arsenide. We verify the predicted linear and square-root dependences of the generated current on the average optical powers of the low (nu) and high (2nu) frequency wings of a pulse spectrum, respectively. When scanning the time delay between these two colors, the signal amplitude exhibits a temporal width of 72 fs. The generated signal behaves as an ideal current source for loads below ∼100 kOmega. This behavior allows us to increase the signal detection bandwidth from 25 kHz with a voltage amplifier to 830 kHz by use of a transimpedance amplifier; higher bandwidths are possible. We discuss how transimpedance amplification could also enable the quantum-interference photocurrent signal to be measured by use of materials with longer carrier lifetimes, such as intrinsic GaAs.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".