Change in sense of community: An empirical finding
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract This study investigated changes in students' psychological sense of community (SOC) under two conditions of external threat against their urban, historically Black, public nonresidential university in a U.S. mid‐Atlantic city. Two independent stratified random samples (N = 801 and N = 241) consisting of undergraduate and graduate women (61%) and men (39%)—predominantly of color—averaging 29 years of age completed the Sense of Community Index (SCI; Perkins, Florin, Rich, Wandersman, & Chavis, 1990). During the first assessment there was an external threat to the university community that was not present 20 months later during the second assessment. In this cross‐sectional design, an analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed support for the hypothesis that SOC would be higher when a threat was present than when it was absent ( p < .01). © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comm Psychol 32: 1–8, 2004.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.004 | 0.024 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".