Retrospective evaluation of prognostic indicators in dogs with head trauma: 72 cases (January–March 2011)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognostic value of clinical and laboratory variables and scoring systems in dogs with head trauma. DESIGN: Retrospective study (January-March, 2011). SETTING: University teaching hospital. ANIMALS: Seventy-two client-owned dogs with a history of head trauma occurring ≤5 days prior to hospital admission. Dogs were excluded if they had an unconfirmed history of trauma, preexisting neurologic disease, or insufficient data available in the medical record. INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Data from hospital admission were collected, including vital signs; blood pressure; pulse oximetry; venous blood gases and electrolyte concentrations; plasma lactate and blood glucose concentrations; PCV; total plasma protein concentration; activated clotting time; WBC count; and serum albumin, creatinine, total bilirubin, and BUN concentrations. Modified Glasgow Coma Scale (MGCS), mentation, and animal trauma triage (ATT) scores were also calculated. Treatment with mannitol, hypertonic saline (HS), corticosteroids, benzodiazepines, or phenobarbital, and requirement for endotracheal intubation were also recorded. Outcome was classified as survival or nonsurvival to hospital discharge. Decreased pulse oximetry, pH, bicarbonate concentration, or base excess, and increased potassium concentration, lactate concentration, BUN concentration, ATT score, or mentation score were risk factors for nonsurvival. Decreased MGCS score was the strongest predictor of nonsurvival; a score ≤ 11 was 84% sensitive and 73% specific for predicting nonsurvival. Dogs were more likely to die before discharge if they required HS or endotracheal intubation. CONCLUSIONS: Dogs that did not survive following head trauma were more likely to have poor perfusion, severe concurrent injuries reflected by increased ATT scores, severe traumatic brain injury as evidenced by decreased MGCS or increased mentation scores, or requirement for HS administration or endotracheal intubation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".